In Gaza, disease could be even deadlier than airstrikes, WHO says

The ongoing conflict between Israel and Hamas has raised concerns about the increased risk of disease and illness in Gaza. The World Health Organization (WHO) has warned that more deaths in Gaza could result from diseases and a crumbling healthcare system than from bombs and missiles. The destruction of civilian infrastructure, including access to food, water, shelter, and healthcare, and forced displacement are the main contributors to the indirect health impacts of conflict. These impacts include infectious diseases such as cholera and respiratory disorders like measles, tuberculosis, and COVID-19, often exacerbated by crowded living conditions and reduced access to public health services. Additionally, chronic diseases worsen due to reduced medical care and limited access to medications. Maternal and infant mortality rates increase, and mental health is profoundly affected, resulting in depression, PTSD, and suicide. Rebecca Katz, a professor at Georgetown University, emphasizes that conflict regions face challenges in providing care for both communicable and noncommunicable diseases, as overall access to healthcare and medications is disrupted. WHO officials have expressed concerns about the rising risk of disease spread in Gaza, given the disruption of health services, water and sanitation systems. Overcrowding, poor sanitary conditions, and lack of basic necessities have already led to significant increases in communicable diseases and conditions, such as hepatitis A, respiratory infections, scabies, and diarrhea. Damage to critical infrastructures, including hospitals, sanitation facilities, and clean drinking water, have created an environment prone to deadly disease outbreaks. Many physical health risks are also present, including exposure to smoke, fumes, and toxic materials, which can lead to cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and even cancer in the long run. Pregnant women face risks of preterm labor, preeclampsia, miscarriage, premature births, and complications for newborns. Maternity care facilities have also been impacted by Israeli airstrikes, leading to evacuations, power outages, and shortages of medical supplies. In November, Al-Shifa Hospital in northern Gaza had to evacuate newborn babies due to heavy shelling, lack of electricity, and fuel shortages, resulting in the death of some infants and ICU patients. It is crucial to continue providing humanitarian assistance in Gaza, but the ultimate restoration of health and security relies on ending violence and working towards a just and sustainable peace.